Inspired by Rogoff, B. (1995). Observing sociocultural activity on three planes: participatory appropriation, guided participation, and apprenticeship. In J. Wertsch, P. Del Rio, & A. Alvarez (Eds.), Sociocultural studies of mind (pp. 139 – 164). Cambridge University Press.

Inspired by Geekie, P., Cambourne, B., & Fitzsimmons, P. (2004). Learning as puzzle solving. In T. Grainger (Ed.), The RoutledgeFalmer reader in language and literacy (pp. 107–118). London: Routledge Falmer.

From Brown-Jeffy, S., & Cooper, J. E. (2011). Toward a Conceptual Framework of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy: An Overview of the Conceptual and Theoretical Literature. Teacher Education Quarterly, 38(1), 65–84.